Telecommunication System

Technological Revolution in electronics now seems to be a daily occurrence, and there can be no doubt what is now generally known as Information Technology is the driving force.

One of the latest topics in modern Telecommunication, which is central to

information technology

, is the merging of telephone, television, FAX and computer with audio and video Communications now called a

MULTIMEDIA

. For anyone to understand this modern trend, he or she needs good grounding in the basic concepts of

telecommunication

, which this article I wrote adequately covered.

What is Telecommunication?

The Prefix “Tele” in the word “Telecommunication” springs from the Greek word for “Far Off” or “at a distance”. And “Communication” emphasizes on the sharing of intelligence or information between two or more remote points.

Telecommunication System

A Telecommunication System is a network of electric circuits or devices used for the purpose of passing intelligence or information signal over a long distance through electrical means known as Electromagnetic Wave.

Below is a block diagram illustrating Telecommunication System.

                                                                                                       

A Block Diagram showing the basis of a

Telecommunication System

As seen from the diagram above,

Source

: Source is the origin of the intelligence or information. This could be human or a machine and the information could be analogue or digital.

Input Transducer

: Input Transducer is a device which converts the non-electrical output of the source into electrical form. The input device can be either be a microphone which converts sound energy into electrical energy. It could be a television camera which converts light energy of a natural scene to electrical energy. And it could be a teleprinter whose mechanism also produces electrical energy that represents a particular character from a set of numerics of a keyboard.

Transmitter

:  a transmitter is made up of a network of voltage, current, power amplifiers, and oscillators. The amplifiers are responsible for amplifying the weak baseband output of the input transducer to have a sufficient electrical power to overcome the channel attenuations. The frequency generated from the oscillator by a process called modulation enables the audio frequency signal to be propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves and also helped in isolating the channels from each other.

Communication Channel

: the channel is the medium through which communication is established. This medium could be fee space, wave guides or optical fibers

Receiver

: The receivers intercepts or receives a band of transmitted signals, selects the desired information in its frequency range, extract the original information by a process called demodulation, and amplifies the signal to give a sufficient power to operate or drive the output transducer.

Output Transducer

: Output transducer converts the electrical output of the receiving equipment into a form understandable to the sink. The output transducer could be a loudspeaker which converts the received energy into sound energy. Or it could be a screen of a cathode ray tube known as CRT, which converts the electrical energy into luminous energy or pictorial form as seen by the camera. Also, it could be a teleprinter which converts electrical energy into written form.

Sink

: sink is simply the destination of the information signal. The sink could be human or machine.

A Telecommunication System is a network of electric circuits or devices used for the purpose of passing intelligence or information signal over a long distance through electrical means known as Electromagnetic Wave

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